Valveless engine for drills.



hunted Nov; 4, i902.

R. L. RICKMAN: YALVELESS ENGINE F08 DRILLS.

applicati@ med cm. 9, 1901.) (No Model.) 2 Shouf-Sheet 2.

j INVENTOR Wi. ,Ma

o.. wnsumsmn D c UNITED STATES FATENT OFFICE.N

\ ROBER'll L; RICKMAN, OF DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR TO THE RICK MANDRILL AND CHANNELLER COMPANY, OF DENVER, COLORADO, A

CORPORATION OF COLORADO.

VALVELESS ENGINE FOR IDRILLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 712,597, dated November4, 1902. Application tiled October 9, 1901. Serial No. 78,101. (Nomodel.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern: H

Be it known that I, ROBERT L. RICKMAN, residing at Denver, in the countyof Arapahoe and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Valveless Engines for Drills, of which the following isafull, clear, andexact description, such as will enable others skilled inthe artuto which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to drills; and it consists in improvements in thegeneral construction thereof, in the means for rotating the tool, inthelubricating means, in the feeding means, and,further, in thecombinations i 5 of elements and construction and arrangement of parts,which with their attendant objects and advantages will be fully setforth hereinafter and the novel features thereof specifically dened inthe claims at the end zo of this specification.

The invention will be understood upon reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which#- v Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section` z5showing the power-cylinder with itspiston,

Parts shown, but not specifically described,

are of `usual and Well-known construction or involve only questions ofordinary machine design.` y

Referring now first to Fig. 1, 1 is the c'ylinder orpower chamber, uponwhich is bolted a cap-piece 2, `adapted to close the inlet-port 3. Thiscap is tapped to receive the threaded end of inlet-pipe `4f, which maycommunicater with any suitable source of power. Located in saidinlet-pipe and suitably supported so that it `may be rotated therein isa stop cock or valve 5, having an inlet-passage 6 therethrough. At theupper side this valve Aisfextended to form a,lubricant-chamber 7, sohaving a suitable closing-plug 8. From the bottom of thelubricant-chamber a passage 9 leads substantially at right angles'to thepas sage 6 and communicates with the main inlet-pipe. I have showninlet-pipe fl as bent at right angles and the valve located in thehorizontal part of said pipe. However, by a simple readjustment theValve may be located in the vertical part of said pipe. It is to beunderstood throughout that Whilelde- 6o scribe a preferred embodiment ofmy invention Iam uotlimited thereto, as many changes may be suggested indesign and construction and arrangement ofparts Whichwould not involveadeparture from myinvention. ltwill be Obvious that with thisconstruction of 1ubricator when the plug is turned to admit the motiveHuid, preferably air, the oil is turned 0E, and vice versa. I thusprovide a` construction such that the piston is automat- 7o ically oiledevery time the operator stops the drill, and as these drills are run buta few minutes at a time the device will be thoroughly oiled without theattention of the operator. Where the operator has to remove the oil-plugin order to oil the parts, it means both delay, negligence, and in thelatter case destruction to the Working parts.

One end ofthe cylinder 1 is closed byascrewplug 10, which may beprovided in its inner 8o face with arubbervbuffer 11 to act in case ofemergency when the stroke of the piston is not properly cushioned by theair-supply. The forward end of the cylinder is closed by the split gland12, which carries a packingring 13, and is held in the end of thecylinder by screw-cap 14. In addition to the inletport 3, to which airisadmitted from the inlet-pipe, the cylinder has admission-ports 15 l ateach end of the cylinder and exhaust- 9o ports 17 18, the purpose anduse of which are well understood in the art. The piston A, the end ofwhich passes through split gland 12, carries a chuck 19 of any desiredform for the attachment of the drill-steels. Within the cylinder thepiston is so constructed as to have two parts of substantially thediameter of the cylinder, as at aand b, with a part of smaller diameterbetween, shoulders c p beingrformed thereby. This construction is suchthat in the reciprocation of the piston by the conjoint action of the admission-ports, exhaust-ports, and shoulders the piston acts of itself toadmit and cut off the motive fluid without the aid of any subsidiaryvalves. Suitable packing-rings, spring-pressed or of spring material,may be used where desired to prevent leakage. Between the two shouldersc d on the piston and where said piston is reduced in diameter a ratchetwheel or ring 2O is placed thereon, which is restrained fromlongitudinal movement by the retaining-rings 21 21. Theseretaii'iing-rings may be, held in position within the cylinder by pinswhich t into grooves 22 on the sides of the retainingrings and intocorresponding grooves inthe side of the cylinder, as will be readilyunderstood. The inner wall of the ratchet-ring is provided with anumberof spiral tongues 23, which fit int-o a corresponding number ofspiral grooves 2-t in the piston. Pawls 25 26 are pivoted on the pin 27,which extends across the inlet-port 2, and are held in position bysprings 28, resting in sockets in the side of the cylinder and bearingagainst arms 29, rigid with the pawls. These pawls prevent movement ofthe ratchet-ring in one direction, and thus as the piston moves forwardthe spiral tongues will cause the ratchet to revolve upon said piston;but as the piston moves backward the ratchet will be held by the pawls,and thus the piston will be forced to revolve within the ratchet.

In constructions known in the art the pawl and ratchet used as a meansfor rotating the piston have been located at the end of and outside thecylinder. The advantages of my construction, wherein the ratchet islocated intermediate the length of the piston and within thepower-chamber, reside in the fact that the piston and the ratchet can beoiled at the same time instead of necessitating separate lubricatingdevices. The drill is rendered more compact and better balance`d,sincethe cumbersome housing projecting from one end of the cylinder, whichtends to seriously interfere with the proper balancing of partsnecessary in constructions of this sort, is done away with. In myconstruction the end of thecylindercan betightly and strongiyclosed,whereas in the old construction, wherein a long pin connected with theratchet must project through into the end of the cylinder and into thecenterof the hollow pistornit was difficult to secure a proper closureof the end of the cylinder, and the ratchet was located in such positionthat it was constantly subject to strain from the blows of the piston,the general construction being weak and faulty.

In order to feed the drill forward, a suitable guide-shell 30 isprovided. On the sides of the cylinder are two wings or guides 3l, whichfit into grooves 32 in the guide-shell, and on the under side of thecylinder is alug 33, through which passes the feed-screw nut 34:,iianged at one end and threaded at the other for the reception ofsuitablelock-nuts, by which it is heldin position within the lug.Feed-screw 35, having handle 3G, is attached to feed-screw yoke 37,which is secured to the guide-shell by means of two extension-rods 3838. VThese extension-rods, which may be termed extension arms oradjustable arms, pass through lugs 39 on theinner side of theguide-shell, and eyebolts 40 40, passing through the guide-shell betweensaid lugs and encircling said extension-rods with their eyes, areadapted to clamp the extension-rods in any desired position withreference to the guide-shell. If it is desired to increase the length offeed, as for the purpose of permitting the operator to change from shorttolong drill-steels, the extension-rods may be drawn out and clamped atany desired distance, whereby any desired length of feed is secured. Theease with which this may he done will be apparent upon inspection ofFigs. 2 and 4. By'simply loosening the nuts 4l on the ends of eyebolts40 the exten sion-rods are left free to be adjusted as desired, and byturning down the nuts they can be clamped with any degree of rigidity.Thus the necessity of a long feed-screw and guide-shell is obviated andthe operator can change the drill quickly without changing the positionof the guide-shell. The guide-shell may be turned to any desired angleon the swivelclamp B and rigidly'held in such position by means of twostud-bolts, as shown in Fig. l.

It will be obvious that the construction of guide-shell herein may beutilized in various connections in which it is desired to feed a guidedmember with relation to a guiding member.

It is believed that the operation is sufficiently clear from thedescription already given. While I have described this invention inconnection with a drill, it should be noted that various features hereindescribed are of general application and may be used with tools andconstructions of various sorts.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- l. Ina motor, an inlet-pipe, a valve therein, a lubricant-chamber inconnection with such valve and a lubricant-passage in such valvecommunicating with the inlet-pipe and `with said chamber and being insuch relation to the valve-inlet passage that as the one passage isopened to communicate with the motor the other is closed.

2. In a motor, an inlet for motive Huid, a valve in said inlet, alubricant-chamber in connection with such valve and a lubricantpassagein such valve at an angle to the inletpassage for the motive fluid suchthat as one passage is opened the other is closed.

3. In a drill, a cylinder, apiston, a ratchet for rotating such piston,and a-single means for supplying a lubricant both to the ratchet and tothe piston.

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. 4. In a drill, a cylinder, a piston, a ratchet for rotating suchpiston, and meanswhereby a lubricant is supplied simultaneously to theratchet and piston from a common source.

5. In a motor, an inlet-pipe for motive fiuid,

a stop cock or valve in said pipe, and a gravity-feed lubricant-passagein such valvecom.- municating with a suitable source of supply, therelation between theimotiVe-iiuid inlet and the lubricant-inlet beingsuch that the one is closed as 'the other is opened.

Asa new article of manufacture, a valveplug having therein the usualinlet-passage, an extension on said plug forming a lubricantchamber, anda passage from said lubricantchamber extending through the plug at anangle to said inlet-passage so that one passage will be opened as theother is closed by the revolution of the plug in a suitable seat.

7. In combination, pipe4, valve-plughaving chamber 7 in connectiontherewith, passage 9 leading from said chamber, and the usualinlet-passage 6 therethrough, substaniially as and for the purposedescribed.

8. In combination, the cylinder l having an inlet-port 3, piston A,ratchet 2O located on said piston beneath said inletport, pipe 4 openinginto said inlet-port, and a lubricating device in said pipe whereby thelubricant may be supplied to thepiston and to the ratchet at the sametime.

9. In a valveless d rill,a power-chamber having suitable ports for thepassage of motive fluid, a piston having suitable shoulders forcontrolling said ports, and means for rotating said piston located onsaid piston between said shoulders.

l0. In a valveless drill, a power-chamber having suitable ports for'thepassage of motive fluid, a piston having suitable shoulders forcontrolling said ports, and means for ro tating said piston located onsaid piston within said power-chamber.

11. In a drill, a cylinder having suitable ports for the passage ofmotive fluid, a piston having a reduced central portion adapted tocontrol said ports, a ratchet-ring mounted upon said reduced centralportion, coacting tongues and grooves upon said piston and the innerwall of said rings, and pavrls arranged in connection with such ratchetto prevent rotation thereof in one direction.

12. In a drill, a cylinder, a piston reciprovcable within such cylinderand having a re-v 13. In a valveless drill, a cylinder havinga' suitableinlet, admission and exhaust ports, a piston having a reduced centralportioniand adapted to control said ports, a ratchet-ring located uponsaid reduced central portion, pawls for restraining the movement of saidratchet in one direction, and connections between said piston and saidratchet whereby as the piston is reciprocated it is intermittentlyrotated.

14. In a valveless drill, a cylinderhavinga suitable inlet, admissionand exhaust ports, a piston having a reduced central portion and adaptedto control said ports,a ratchet-ring located upon said reduced centralportion, corresponding spiral ribs and grooves on the inner wall of saidring and on said piston, and a pawl engaging said ratchet, whereby asthe piston is reciprocated it is intermittently rotated.

` l5. In combination,piston,Ahavinggrooves 24thereon, ratchet 20 havingribs 23, pawls 25, 2G in connection with said ratchet, and means forreciprocating said piston.

16. In a device of the class described, in combination, a guiding -and aguided member, extensionarms adjustably connected to such guidingmember, a yoke carried by said adjustable arms, and a feeding deviceforsaid guided membersupported by said yoke.

17. In a device of the class described, a

guiding and a guided member, extension-arms carried by said guidingmember and adapted to be adj ustably clamped thereto, a yoke carried bysaid arms, a feed-screw carried by said yoke and a coactin g feed-nutupon said guided member.

18. In a device of the class described, a guiding and a guidedmember,eXtension-arms carried by said guiding member and adapted to beadj ustably clamped thereto by means of eyebolts passing through saidguiding member, a yoke carried by said extension-arms, a feed-screwcarried by said yoke, and a coacting feed-nut on said guided member.

19. In combination, in a device of the class described, a cylinder, aguide-shell on which said cylinder is reciprocable, a feed-nut on saidcylinder and a feed-screw connected to said guide-shell, saidconnections comprising extension-rods and eyebolts by which saidextension-rods may be adjust-ably clamped to said guide-shell.

20. In a device of the class described, in

combination, a cylinder, a guide-shell therefor, a feed-nut inconnection with said cylinder, extension-rods adapted to be adjustablyconnected to said shell by eyebolts, and a feed-screw carried by saidextension-rods and passing through said feed-nut.

2l. In combination, a cylinder, a guideshell 30 therefor, extension-rods38 clamped to said guide-shell by eyebolts 40, yoke37 carried by saidextension-rods, feed-screw 35 connected to said yoke, and feed-nut 34connected to said cylinder.

. In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

ROBERT L. RICKMAN.

Witnesses:

B. D. GREEN, E. B. ANNIs.

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